What is a fibroadenoma?

A fibroadenoma is a benign (non-cancerous) breast lump made up of glandular and fibrous tissue. It is one of the most common types of breast lumps, particularly in women aged 15 to 35. Fibroadenomas can occur in one or both breasts and vary in size.

These lumps are not linked to breast cancer and do not increase your risk. They are usually smooth, firm, and mobile under the skin, meaning they move when touched. Some may remain the same size, while others grow or shrink over time.

Symptoms of a fibroadenoma

A fibroadenoma may have the following characteristics:

• A round or oval lump that feels firm, smooth, and rubbery
• A lump that moves easily under the skin when pressed
• Painless or slightly tender, especially before your period
• Can be small or grow larger over time

Some fibroadenomas are too small to be felt and are only found during routine breast screening.

Causes of fibroadenomas

The exact cause of fibroadenomas is not known, but they are believed to be related to hormonal changes, particularly oestrogen. This is why they are more common in younger women and can change in size during pregnancy or menopause.

Fibroadenomas may develop when overgrowth of glandular and connective breast tissue forms a solid lump. Some women develop only one, while others may have multiple fibroadenomas in the same or both breasts.

When to see a doctor

If you find a new lump in your breast, it is important to have it checked by a GP or breast specialist. Although fibroadenomas are usually harmless, it is always best to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other possible causes.

You should seek medical advice if:

• You find a new lump in your breast
• An existing lump changes in size, shape, or texture
• You experience persistent breast pain or discomfort
• There are changes to the skin over the lump, such as dimpling or redness

How fibroadenomas are diagnosed

To determine whether a lump is a fibroadenoma, your doctor may recommend the following tests:

• Breast examination where the doctor will feel the lump and assess its size and texture
• Ultrasound scan to check if the lump is solid or fluid-filled
• Mammogram which is an X-ray of the breast, usually recommended for women over 40
• Core biopsy or fine needle aspiration where a small sample of tissue or fluid is taken to confirm the diagnosis

These tests help to differentiate fibroadenomas from other types of breast lumps.

Treatment options

Most fibroadenomas do not require treatment and can be monitored with regular check-ups. However, removal may be considered if:

• The fibroadenoma is large (over 3 cm) or continues to grow
• It causes pain or discomfort
• There is uncertainty about the diagnosis
• You feel anxious about having a lump in your breast

Surgical removal options

If removal is needed, the following procedures may be recommended:

• Excision biopsy where the lump is surgically removed under local or general anaesthetic
• Vacuum-assisted excision where a special suction device is used to remove the fibroadenoma

Both procedures are low-risk, and most women recover quickly.

Can fibroadenomas come back?

In some cases, new fibroadenomas may develop even after removal. However, this does not increase your risk of breast cancer. Regular self-examinations and routine check-ups can help you stay aware of any changes.

Checking your breasts

Regular breast self-examinations help with early detection of any changes. We recommend checking your breasts at least once a month, looking for lumps, changes in shape, or skin texture. If you notice anything unusual, speak to your doctor.

Why choose Birmingham Breast Clinic?

Birmingham Breast Clinic provides expert, patient-centred care with quick access to diagnosis, advanced imaging, and a highly experienced team of breast specialists. Our clinic offers a supportive environment with direct access to further treatment if needed, ensuring you receive the highest level of care.

Contact us

If you have concerns about a breast lump or need expert advice, our specialist team is here to help. Early assessment can provide clarity and peace of mind.